Acute Otitis Media (AOM)

Acute Otitis Media Illustration

Acute Otitis Media (AOM) is the inflammation of the middle ear, located between the outer and inner ear. It is a common condition, especially in children. If the condition persists, it can lead to chronic issues lasting at least 3 months.

Symptoms

Ear pain on the affected side, which may be accompanied by a feeling of pressure or ringing in the ear (tinnitus).
High fever. Young children may cry inconsolably, especially at night, and act restlessly. They may pull at the painful ear. In some cases, nausea, vomiting, or seizures can occur.
Muffled hearing or a decrease in hearing levels. These symptoms often follow an upper respiratory tract infection (like a common cold).
Pain, fever, and muffled hearing usually decrease once the eardrum ruptures and pus begins to drain from the ear.

Treatment

Medication: This includes antibiotics, antihistamines, analgesics (pain relievers), and antipyretics (fever reducers).
Surgical Treatment:
- Myringotomy: A small incision in the eardrum to drain pus from the middle ear. This significantly reduces pain and is usually performed when medication fails or complications arise.
- Mastoidectomy: Surgery on the mastoid bone, performed if the infection or pus has spread into the mastoid air cells.

Prevention

Take precautions against acute upper respiratory infections, such as the common cold or sinusitis.
Avoid factors that weaken the immune system, such as stress and lack of sleep.
Keep the body sufficiently warm.
Exercise regularly (aerobic exercise) for at least 30 minutes a day, three days a week.
If you develop symptoms of a cold or respiratory infection, see a doctor promptly to prevent the condition from becoming chronic.

Warning Signs: Seek Immediate Medical Attention

Symptoms do not improve after taking medication, the fever does not drop, or you experience a severe headache.
Muffled hearing or a further decrease in hearing levels.
Fluid or pus begins to drain from the ear.