Pharyngitis, or a sore throat, is an inflammation of the tissues in the back of the throat (pharynx). This inflammation causes swelling and is primarily characterized by pain. It can be caused by various factors, including both infectious and non-infectious diseases, though it is most commonly caused by viruses and bacteria.
Causes
The majority of cases (approximately 70-80%) are caused by viral infections. Bacterial infections account for about 15-20%, and roughly 5% are caused by fungal infections, which are typically found in individuals with weakened immune systems, such as cancer patients, those receiving chemotherapy, or patients with immunodeficiency.
Treatment
Cases caused by viral infections usually resolve on their own within 3–7 days. However, if the infection is bacterial, antibiotic treatment is required.
Recommendations
- Drink warm liquids, such as lemon tea, honey tea, or warm water with honey and lemon.
- Gargle frequently with warm salt water.
- Use throat lozenges to soothe the pain.
- Increase air humidity with a humidifier to reduce throat irritation.
- Take medications strictly as prescribed by your doctor.
Symptoms to Seek Immediate Medical Attention
- The sore throat does not improve after 2 weeks of illness.
- Sore throat episodes occur more frequently.
- High fever (above 38°C) persists for several days despite taking fever-reducing medication.
- Swollen lymph nodes are present, or a rash develops.
